VIEW ISO 9000 CERTIFICATE

RTUL offers a wide range of other Ultrasonic equipment for enhancing chemical reactions or crystallization,emulsions, dispersion, polymerization, etc in the laboratory or at the plant level. The equipment are available in various capacities and configurations.

1) Laboratory - Sonicators
2) Inplant - Processors

RTUL also offers other specialized equipment which are as follows:

1) Ultrasonic Drilling machines- for drilling in glass and ceramic substances
2) Ultrasonic Rotary Drilling machine- where conventional drilling and Ultrasonic effects are necessary

Application of Ultrasonic waves in chemical process for enhancing/making a chemical reaction is possible. Ultrasonic waves influences the chemical effects and in its presence many chemical reactions takes place. An action of cavitation is accompanied by certain physical occurrences in the presence of ultrasonic sound. There is fundamental local pressure increase and local temperature rise of several 100 degrees in the vicinity of the bubble collapse. It is not very clear what aspect of cavitation is fundamentally important in producing chemical reactions. However, it is believed that increase in temperature and pressure in the presence of ultrasonic sound is the main reason. There are other effects due to stimulation,free hydrogen irons and the characteristic oscillation of the cavitation bubbles, which results in high stress concentration. Dissolved gas in the liquid is also influencing cavitation action. The basic parameters which need to be established for enhancing any chemical reaction includes frequency of vibration, intensity,treatment time, pressure, temperature, etc. There are many chemical reactions, among them are liberation of iodine from potassium iodide solution which is well known.

Influence of Ultrasonic waves on crystal formation and distribution is well known in molten metals but a similar effect is experienced in saturated solution of salts. The tendency being the number crystals centres to be increased and the rate of crystallisation to be more rapid under influence of ultrasonic. It is reported that the production of multiple crystal centres is the result of cavitation and if a super saturated solution of the salt is irradiated, it is often on crystallisation of the salt. In certain salts, Ultrasonic action helps in preventing local super cooling.

Normally mechanical system is using high-speed stirrers for emulsion, which operate at maximum 20,000 RPM. Use of Ultrasonic for stable emulsion is well established, as the micro vibration produced in the liquid is of very high speed (typically 20KHz). It means that Ultrasonic vibration is 100 times as effective as a mechanical stirrer operating at 20,000 RPM. The major emulsions possible include, oil in water and water in oil emulsions, benzene, toluene, zyline, nitro benzene based emulsions. It is very difficult to list all the possible emulsions, but one combination is of interest as a striking demonstration of the ease with which they can be formed by ultrasonic irradiation. If candle wax is allowed to drip into water while being irradiated, white emulsion is immediately formed possessing a very high stability. Any emulsion formation is done in two steps. Initially, the two liquids are mixed or stirred by mechanical system and then exposed to ultrasonic irradiation. This process gives more stable emulsion and requires less Ultrasonic energy. To perform more stable emulsion process it is necessary to add emulsifiers.

Dispersion of coherent solids requires more Ultrasonic power than needed for liquid system. Colloidal solutions can be produced using Ultrasonic sound in substances of moderate cohesion such as crystals of mica, gypsum,statite, hematite, sulpha and graphite. It is also necessary that the substances to be dispersed be of microscopic size and even the particle is truly colloidal solution need to be broken down further by Ultrasonic irradiation. There have been reports of particle size reduction in vanadium pentoxide (from 15 microns to 3 microns), graphite suspensions, etc.It is also possible to produce metallic colloidal suspensions in electrolysis or chemical reactions. It is reported with fine grain dispersion, platinum, gold, copper, mercury, lead, bismuth, nickel,iron and aluminium have been produced in the presence of Ultrasonic. Dispersion has numbered of industrial applications, in vegetable beater, textile dyes, paint and pigment industry and is being implemented with success. It is also possible to achieve selective dispersion by the use controlled Ultrasonic irradiation.

Cleaning || Welding || sieving || NDT